After reading the book and articles, I realize the importance of the second word in ISD: System. A system is a set of interacting or independent components forming an integrated whole. All business have systems for efficiency and replication. For example, McDonald's is run on systems so everything is done the same irregardless of location. A Big Mac in Vallejo California is identical to a Big Mac in Baltimore Maryland. There are seven stages broken into four phases in a Instructional System. Phase one is Analysis and Design. The phases linked are needs assessment, task analysis, learning objectives, and assessment. Phase one according to Ruth Clark should take up to 50% the total project efforts. These phases are knowing your audience so you can what solutions are best for them. Phase two includes development and revision. Many companies do not spent time and effort in phase one and spend most of their efforts in the latter phases. Result: wasted training and time. Phase three is evaluating each of the stages and Phase four is implementation.
The Pebble-in-the-Pond model for instructional design is a modification of instructional design that puts content in the center and all parts of the model relate to and are focused on content. Merrill's PITP model has content/problem first followed by developing a set of problems that increase in complexity or difficulty leading to a problem that requires all the tasks or techniques that have been identified needed to find a solution. This technique is similar to the I-do We-do They-do model I learned in my credential program. As the problems increase in complexity, there is less and less help available and the student learns to work independently to solve the final problem.
I am going to follow the traditional ISD model written by Ruth Clark to write the curriculum for STEAM. The first two chapters have given me a wealth of information on creating instruction to allow me to be confident to move forward in each of the stages. I currently have the content, the assessment or projects but need to deepen my understanding in task analysis so I can identify the knowledge and skill requirements for each project. Afterwards, I can add the learning objectives to each identified lesson. Next step in the journey is to